Progress on the researches of acupuncture preconditioning before surgery / 中国针灸

This paper reviews the researches on acupuncture preconditioning before surgery in recent years and explores its application value from three aspects, i.e. relieving preoperative anxiety, preventing from postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and preventing from postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction. As a relatively safe non-drug treatment, acupuncture has the underlying advantages in participating into multidisciplinary coordination in the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). By building up higher-quality medical evidences and revealing the effect mechanism of acupuncture from multi-dimenisonal aspects, it is expected that acupuncture technology can be coordinated with ERAS to optimize the clinical path in the perioperative period, and boost the development of the perioperative medicine ultimately.

RT-nPCR Assays for Amplification and Sequencing of VP1 Genes in Human Enterovirus A-D from Clinical Specimens / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To develop RT-nPCR assays for amplifying partial and complete VP1 genes of human enteroviruses (HEVs) from clinical samples and to contribute to etiological surveillance of HEV-related diseases.@*Methods@#A panel of RT-nPCR assays, consisting of published combined primer pairs for VP1 genes of HEV A-C and in-house designed primers for HEV-D, was established in this study. The sensitivity of each RT-nPCR assay was evaluated with serially diluted virus stocks of five serotypes expressed as CCID @*Results@#The sensitivity of RT-nPCR assays for amplifying partial VP1 gene of HEVs was 0.1 CCID @*Conclusion@#This RT-nPCR system is capable of amplifying the partial and complete VP1 gene of HEV A-D, providing rapid, sensitive, and reliable options for molecular typing and molecular epidemiology of HEVs in clinical specimens.

Guiding value of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring index in clinical prevention and treatment of elderly hypertensive population / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To study the application value of dynamic monitoring of blood pressure in the prevention and treatment of elderly hypertension. Methods 519 hypertensive patients from December 2017 to December 2018 were monitored with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and were divided into the elderly group (≥60 years old, 264 cases) and the control group (<60 years old, 255 cases). The results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in two groups were analyzed, which inclued the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, blood pressure, pulse pressure, coefficient of variation of blood pressure, blood pressure load value, average heart rate and morning blood pressure surge. Results The incidence of abnormal circadian rhythm of ambulatory blood pressure in the elderly group was 76.5%. Compared with the control group, there were differences in the indexes of diastolic blood pressure (DBP), diastolic blood pressure load value (DBPLV), pulse pressure (PP), 24 h average heart rate (24 hAHR), systolic blood pressure coefficient of variation (SBPCV), 24 h diastolic blood pressure coefficient of variation (24 h DBPCV) and morning diastolic blood pressure surge (MDBPS) between the two groups(all P<0.05). There were differences in 24 h systolic blood pressure (24hSBP), night systolic blood pressure (nSBP), night diastolic blood pressure (nDBP), night pulse pressure (nPP), day systolic blood pressure load value (dSBPLV), ninght systolic blood pressure load value (nSBPLV), 24 h SBPCV, 24 h dDBPCV and other indicators among different blood pressure types in the elderly group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring indicators have important guiding value for the prevention and treatment of elderly hypertension.

Influence of nicorandil on levels of hsCRP ,sCD40L and therapeutic effect of nicorandil in patients with microvascular angina pectoris / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore influence of nicorandil on plasma levels of high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) and soluble T cell CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and therapeutic effect of nicorandil in patients with microvascular angina pectoris .Methods :A total of 102 patients with microvascular angina pectoris were enrolled ,randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group (received routine comprehensive treatment ) and nicorandil group (received nic-orandil based on routine comprehensive treatment ,5mg ,3 times/d) ,both groups were treated for eight weeks . Plasma levels of hsCRP and sCD40L were measured and compared between two groups before and eight weeks after treatment ,and therapeutic effect was compared between two groups .Results : Compared with before treatment there were significant reductions in plasma levels of hsCRP and sCD 40L in both groups after eight weeks ;compared with routine treatment group after treatment ,there were significant reductions in plasma levels of hsCRP [ (2.63 ± 0.25) mg/L vs.(1.80 ± 0.28) mg/L] and sCD40L [ (71.88 ± 3.71) pg/ml vs .(55.25 ± 2.47) pg/ml] in nicorandil group , P＝0. 001 all.Total effective rate of nicorandil group was significantly higher than that of routine treatment group (78.43% vs.56.86%,P＝0.02).Conclusion :Nicorandil can significantly rise clinical effect ,reduce plasma levels of hsCRP and sCD40L in patients with microvascular angina pectoris .

Effect of APS-Ⅱ-2 on intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide-induced alveolarization arrest in bronchopulmonary dysplasia model rats / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To investigate the role of APS-Ⅱ-2 (akind of plant-derived natural drug)on amelioration of chorioamnionitis-induced alveolarization arrest and the underlying mechanism.Methods·Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) model was constructed by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in SD rats (E16.5).The SD rats were randomly divided into control group (Saline group)、LPS model group (LPS+Saline group) and APS-Ⅱ-2administration group (LPS+APS-Ⅱ-2 group).Then neonatal rats in LPS+APS-Ⅱ-2 group were given an intraperitoneal injection with APS-Ⅱ-2 (50 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days after birth,whereas rats in LPS+Saline group and Saline group were administrated with an equal amount of normal saline.To examine pathologic change of pulmonary in neonatal rats,hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining was performed at postnatal dayl and 3.Then bone marrowderived macrophages (BMDMs) from SD rats were detected by the technology of RNA-sequence to research the immunomodulation of APS-Ⅱ-2.Results·APS-Ⅱ-2 administration group had drastically higher terminal air spaces (P=0.033 at postnatal dayl) and secondary septa counts at postnatal dayl and 3,respectively (P=0.002,P=0.026) than LPS-induced model group,while mean linear intercept was the opposite situation at postnatal dayl and 3,respectively (P=0.006,P=0.004).The detection of RNA-sequence indicated that APS-Ⅱ-2 suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as Tlr3,Tlr7 and Tlr8 in BMDMs.Meanwhile,it also promoted some pleiotropic cytokines with anti-inflammatory effects such as Alox1 5 and Cd74.Conclusion·Administration of APS-Ⅱ-2 could improve the pathology of BPD,thereby supporting the ethnopharmacological uses of the plant.This effect may be directly caused by modulatory effects ofAPS-Ⅱ-2 on inflammation.

Design and simulation of computerized tumbling E test / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To design a new method for visual acuity test naming computerized tumbling E test, and to explore the application of computerized tumbling E test. Methods The feasibility of computerized tumbling E test was investigated by computer simulation experiment. Based on the simulation experiment, a total of 30 subjects ([26.1±4.7] years old, 18 males and 12 females) received binocular vision acuity examination by computerized tumbling E test with 40 trials or 80 trials and standard logarithmic visual acuity chart (random sequence), respectively. The accuracy of computerized tumbling E test was evaluated by comparing the consistency limit with standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. The correlation and difference between the two tests were evaluated by paired samples t test. Results There was no significant difference between the results of the computerized tumbling E test with 40 trials and standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, while the difference between the results of the 80 trials and standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The consistency is good for adult visual test using the computerized tumbling E test with reasonable number of trials (40 trials) and the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. Compared with the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, computerized tumbling E test has advantages such as avoiding the problem of optotype memory and reducing the visual crowding effect, showing practical application value (P<0.05) of optotype memory and reducing the visual crowding effect, showing practical application value (P

Laboratory investigation of a clustered respiratory tract infection with human adenovirus / 中国人兽共患病学报

In order to investigate the pathogens associated with a clustered event of fever occurred in a kindergarten in Fuzhou,Fujian Province,samples were collected from pediatric cases in the kindergarten and screened for various possible viral agents by real-time PCR.Of 10 respiratory specimens,7 were positive of human adenovirus (HAdV).The positive samples were inoculated into HEp-2 cell-lines for viral isolation.The PCR products of the hypervariable regions of Hexon gene were sequenced,followed by BLAST searches for viral type identification.In comparison with the strains prevalent in domestic or abroad in recent years,the deduced amino acid sequences showed no amino acid mutation in the hypervariable regions of Hexon.Combined with clinical manifestation and field epidemiological data,human adenovirus type 7 could be confirmed as the pathogen linked to the clustered event.

Molecular epidemiology of HFMD-associated pathogen coxsackievirus A6 in Fujian Province, 2011-2013 / 病毒学报

In order to characterize the molecular epidemiology of HFMD-associated Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) in Fujian Province, a total of 1340 specimens from non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD patients were collected during 2011-2013. Isolated virus strains were identified and subtyped. Full-length coding regions for the VP1 gene of the predominant serotype CVA6 isolates were amplified and sequenced. Among the 375 non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD cases confirmed by virus isolation and molecular subtyping, 182 (48.5%) were found to be caused by CVA6, accounting for 7.9%, 16.2% and 39.6% HFMD-associated enteroviruses in FujianProvince during 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. Compared with general features observed in the HFMD epidemic, no difference in CVA6-specificity or severity rates was observed between geographical origins, gender, or age groups. Nucleotide sequence analyses of VP1 genes revealed high diversity levels of 16.2%-18.6% among CVA6 strains from Fujian Province, in contrast to the prototype CVA6 strain, and showed low levels of diversity in the amino acid sequences (4.3%-6.2%). Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that CVA6 isolates from Fujian Province were distinct from the prototype strain and other isolates from abroad; however, it was homologous to domestic strains, although the Fujian isolates clustered into multiple branches. These results suggested that significant changes in the pathogenic spectrum of HFMD in Fujian Province occurred during 2011-2013, as CVA6 was one of the predominant serotypes of HFMD. CVA6 isolates from Fujian Province were co-circulating and co-evolving with other domestic strains as multiple closely related CVA6 transmission chains were observed in Fujian Province overall and within each prefecture.

Advances in the research of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection / 中华烧伤杂志

This article reviews the advance in the research of both the mechanism of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) based on the principle of photodynamic therapy and the application of PACT in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Nowadays an inexorable prevalence of resistant bacteria observed worldwide, among which MRSA strains typically have a high potential of provoking outbreaks with intractability, makes it a pressing issue to develop new germicidal strategies. PACT is an emerging photochemistry-based technology. In the presence of oxygen, PACT, with the aid of the activation of photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species by the wavelength-specific light, destroys the structure of bacteria selectively and efficiently, with much lower bacterial resistance level than that of antibiotics. We expect that further research would elucidate the mechanism and develop clinical applications of PACT, and it may become a novel approach to solve the problem of MRSA infection in the future.

Effects of integrinβ1 gene silencing on invasion of human pancreatic cancer cells PANC1 / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of integrin β1 gene expression inhibited by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on invasion of pancreatic carcinoma PANC1 cells in vitro,and investigate the mechanism.Methods The eukaryotic expression plasmid of shRNA targeting integrin β1 gene ( integrin β1 shRNA) and control eukaryotic expression plasmid shRNA (c-shRNA) was constructed and was transfected into PANC1 cells.The cells without plasmid transfection were used as control.The expressions of integrinβ1,MMP 2,MMP 9 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.The invasive ability of PANC1 cells was observed with Transwell cell culture chamber.Results Integrinβ1 mRNA expressions in integrinβ1 shRNA group,c-shRNA group and control group were 0.0029 ± 0.0004,0.0131 ± 0.0009,0.0138 ± 0.0005 ; the expressions of integrinβ1 protein were 0.0159 ± 0.0062,0.3215 ± 0.0126,0.3107 ±0.0094; the inhibitory rate of integrinβ1 mRNA and protein expression in integrinβ1 shRNA group was (78.6 ±7.2 ) ％ and (92.9 ± 3.2) ％ ( P ＜ 0.01 ).But there was no difference between the c-shRNA group and control group (P =0.2999).Number of penetrating cells in integrinβ1 shRNA group decreased from 52 ±5 to 21 ±4( P ＜ 0.01 ) ; the expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9 mRNA decreased from 0.592 ± 0.073,0.847 ± 0.069 to 0.102 ± 0.034,0.273 ± 0.071 ; the expression of M MP2 and MMP 9 protein decreased from 0.225 ± 0.046,0.416 ±0.081 to 0.059 ±0.013,0.106 ±0.022(P ＜0.05).Conclusions Recombinant integrinβ1 shRNA expression plasmid can effectively inhibit the expression of integrinβ1 gene and suppress the invasion of PANC1 cells in vitro by down-regulating MMP 2 and MMP 9 gene expression.

Protective effect of preconditioning with PEP-1-CAT fusion protein against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the transduction efficiency of purified PEP-1-CAT fusion protein into rat heart and the protective effect of the fusion protein against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PEP-1-CAT or CAT (500 microg) was injected in SD rats via the caudal vein, using normal saline as the control, and the hearts were harvested at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h after the injection. The transduction efficiency was evaluated by immunofluorescence technique, and the CAT activity was measured. Forty rats were randomized into 5 groups, namely the sham-operated group, ischemia-reperfusion group, and 3 PEP-1-CAT -treated groups (100, 300, and 500 microg). The left main coronary artery was occluded for 1 h followed by a 2-h reperfusion, and at the end of reperfusion, serum LDH and CK and MDA content in the myocardium were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No green fluorescence was observed in saline group or CAT group. Bright green fluorescence was observed in PEP-1-CAT groups at different time points, most conspicuous at 8 h. No significant difference in CAT activity was found between CAT group and saline group (P>0.05); with the lapse of time, CAT activity in PEP-1-CAT group increased gradually, reaching the peak level at 8 h, which was 4.2 folds of that in the saline group. LDH ,CK and MDA were significantly lower in PEP-1-CAT- groups than in ischemia-reperfusion group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PEP-1 can mediate the transduction of CAT in rat heart in a time-dependent manner, and PEP-1-CAT preconditioning provides a protective effect against ischemia- reperfusion injury in rats.</p>

Role of caspase-3, -8, and -9 in apoptosis of copper induced primary cortical neurons / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of primary cortical neuron injury induced by high concentrations of copper by observing the effect of aceticum culture medium on apoptosis of rat primary cortical neurons and expression of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary cortical neurons were cultured for 72 hrs and then exposed to different concentrations of aceticum culture medium (20, 40 and 80 microM). The viability of neurons was detected by the MTT method. Apoptosis was observed by Hoechst33258 and flow cytometry Annexin V/PI. Expression of caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 was measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Following incubation with aceticum culture medium, apoptosis of neurons was induced. Theviability of neurons was remarkably reduced and the rate of apoptosis was tremendously increased in a concentration dependent manner. Caspase 8 and caspase 9 were activated in 20 microM of copper aceticum culture medium 4 hrs after incubation and peaked at 48 hrs in various concentrations of copper aceticum culture medium, presenting with a time and concentration dependent manner. The activated caspase 3 was observed in 20 microM of copper aceticum culture medium 24 hrs after incubation, which was later than the activated caspase 8 and caspase 9. Caspase 3 expression reached a peak 48 hrs in various concentrations of copper aceticum culture medium, presenting with a time and concentration dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The apoptosis of primary cortical neurons can be induced by copper. Caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 cascade reaction may involve in the apoptosis of copper induced rat primary cortical neurons.</p>

Effect of phenylalanine on the Nogo-66 receptor expression in the cortical neurons of rats / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study examined the effect of high concentration of phenylalanine (Phe) on Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) expression in the cortical neurons of rats in vitro in order to investigate whether NgR is involved in the etiology of Phe-induced brain damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Neurons from the cerebral cortex of embryonic rats were cultured for 3 days and then were treated with 0.9 mM Phe. After 12, 24 and 48 hrs of Phe treatment, mRNA and protein expression of NgR was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot respectively. Growth cones and growth axons of neurons were detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry respectively after 12 and 24 hrs of Phe treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The length of growth axons of neurons was significantly shorter after 12 and 24 hrs of Phe treatment compared with the control group without Phe treatment (P<0.05). Growth cones collapse occurred in 12.5+/-9.7% and 24.1+/-4.5% of neurons respectively after 12 and 24 hrs of Phe treatment but only in 3.5+/-1.5% in the control group (P<0.01). The protein level of NgR after 12, 24 and 48 hrs of Phe treatment was up-regulated, with 9.0, 9.4 and 12.6 times as the control. mRNA level of NgR in the Phe treatment group did not differ from control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High concentration of Phe can induce an increased NgR protein expression in cortical neurons, and the increased NgR expression may contribute to the growth cones collapse and the inhibitory activities of axon regeneration after injury.</p>

Application of tandem mass spectrometry on the diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation disorders / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen and diagnose fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAOD) in high risk children with inborn error of metabolism using tandem mass spectrometry.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study group consisting of 2941 high risk cases of suspected inborn error of metabolism was tested. The acylcarnitines in the dry blood filter papers of patients were tested by tandem mass spectrometry. The diagnosis of FAOD was according to the levels of the acylcarnitines, the clinical symptoms, and other biochemistry study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fourteen patients were diagnosed as FAOD. These patients included one carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency I, one carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency II, one short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, seven medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, two very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, and two multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FAOD are not rare in China. Analysis of acylcarnitines levels tested by tandem mass spectrometry is helpful to diagnose FAOD.</p>

Diagnosis, treatment and long-term following up of 223 patients with hyperphenylalaninemia detected by neonatal screening programs / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) caused by different etiologic factors in China and the relationship between the phenylalanine and mental development of patients with HPAs who were diagnosed by neonatal screening and early treated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and twenty-three patients with HPA detected by neonatal screening programs were refered to us at the age of (41 +/- 27) days after birth. The differential diagnosis was performed by BH(4) (20 mg/kg) loading test, urinary pterin analysis and dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity determination respectively. The control of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism, growth and mental development were evaluated in all treated patients. Related gene mutation analysis was performed in some patients</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and twenty-nine of 223 patients (57.8%) were diagnosed as phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency (PAHD), 64 patients (28.7%) as BH(4) responsive PAHD, 30 patients (13.5%) as 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (PTSD). One hundred and forty-nine patients were followed at age of 4 m - 2 y in our clinic. The 136 of 149 patients were treated according to different etiology at the age of 1.6 m (0.5 - 3.5 m) after birth. Thirteen patients were followed up without the need for treatment. All patients had normal growth development. One hundred and eight (79.4%) of 136 treated patients had normal mental development. The negative correlation (r = -0.439, P < 0.01) between IQ and average Phe levels were observed in 58 patients. Twenty-eight patients were able to go to primary school or even university. Nine kinds of PTS gene mutations were found in 9 cases with PTSD, among which 286G-->A and 259C-->T were most commonly seen, accounting for 45%. Seven kinds of PAH gene mutations were found in 13 cases with BH(4) responsive PAHD with the R241C (43.8%) mutation being the most frequent one.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The differential diagnosis should be quickly made in all HPA patients detected by neonatal screening. Near 80% patients early treated had normal mental development. The good control of blood Phe level is a key factor for mental development.</p>

Studies on transformation of human esophageal fibroblasts mediated by a retroviral vector containing the E6E7 ORFs of human papillomavirus type 16 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the etiological role of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infection in the development of esophageal cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A recombinant retrovirus containing the E6E7 ORFs of HPV16 was packaged and human fetal esophageal fibroblasts were infected. The tumorigenecity of the fibroblasts was tested in SCID mice in synergy with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Human esophageal fibroblasts infected with the recombinant retrovirus induced sarcomas in SCID mice, the existence and expression of E6E7 ORFs was confirmed in the sarcomas. Fibroblasts cultured from the sarcoma were demonstrated heteroploid by cytoflowmetry. However, tumors were not observed in human fetal esophagus infected with such virus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results revealed that the established recombinant retroviral system can successfully mediate the transference of HPV16 E6E7 genes, and such system is applicable to researches on tumorigenesis of HPV.</p>

Effect of Mechanical Ventilation Therapy on 48 Cases of Neonatal Respiratory Failure / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of neonatal respiratory failure therapy with mechanical ventilation. Methods Forty - eight cases of neonatal respiratory failure were applied endotracheal intubation through mouth. At first, ventilation was given via the intermittent positive - pressure ventilation + peak end - expiratory pressure( IPPV + PEEP) way. Later, the breath parameters were regulated and transited to the intermittent mandatory ventilation( IMV) way according to original illness. When frac - tional concentration of in-spired gas(FiO2)